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Frontiers in pharmacology 2021 October 14; 12 :746729
Effect of Prophylactic Use of Intranasal Oil Formulations in the Hamster Model of COVID-19
Zaigham Abbas Rizvi (1), Zaigham Abbas Rizvi (1), Manas Ranjan Tripathy (1), Manas Ranjan Tripathy (1), Sandeep Goswami (2), Sandeep Goswami (2), Amit Awasthi (2), Amit Awasthi (2), Nishant Sharma (3), Nishant Sharma (3), Shailendra Mani (4), Shailendra Mani (4), Milan Surjit (4), Milan Surjit (4), N Srikanth (5), N Srikanth (5), J L N Sastry (6), J L N Sastry (6), Madhu Dikshit (7), Madhu Dikshit (7)
1. Immuno-biology Laboratory, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India 2. Immuno-biology Laboratory, Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India 3. Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India. 4. Infection and Immunology Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India. 5. DG(I/C), Central Council for Ayurvedic Sciences, New Delhi, India. 6. CEO-National Medicinal Plants Board, Ministry of AYUSH, New Delhi, India. 7. Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR-Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infection initiates with viral entry in the upper respiratory tract, leading to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Severe COVID-19 is characterized by pulmonary pathologies associated with respiratory failure. Thus, therapeutics aimed at inhibiting the entry of the virus or its internalization in the upper respiratory tract are of interest. Herein, we report the prophylactic application of two intranasal formulations provided by the National Medicinal Plant Board (NMPB), Anu oil and til tailya, in the hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Prophylactic intra-nasal instillation of these oil formulations exhibited reduced viral load in lungs and resulted in reduced body weight loss and lung-pneumonitis. In line with reduced viral load, histopathological analysis revealed a reduction in lung pathology in the Anu oil group as compared to the control infected group. However, the til tailya group did not show a significant reduction in lung pathology. Furthermore, molecular analysis using mRNA expression profiling indicated reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes, including Th1 and Th17 cytokines for both the intranasal formulations as a result of decreased viral load. Together, the prophylactic intranasal application of Anu oil seems to be useful in limiting both viral load and severity in SARS-CoV2 infection in the hamster model. Keywords: AYUSH; COVID-19; herbal; intranasal; prophylactic.
DHARA ID: D058277 Pubmed ID: 34721035
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